In CBSE Classes 9 & 10 There
is a topic in English Grammar- finite
&
Let us see what is finite
& non-finite?
There are two kinds of verbs – Finite
& Non-finite. Verb is used in different ways in a sentence and the
difference between finite and non-finite verb is depends on the use of verb.
-What is Finite verb?
When a verb is used according to subject, number of
subject and according to helping verb, the verb is called finite verb.
Look at the following examples:
·
He writes stories.
·
We cook
food
·
They are working
hard
In the above examples you can see the underlined verbs
are used according to the subject & helping verbs used in the subject, i.e. in first sentence he is third
person singular number and writes is according to subject, in
second sentence we is first person plural number and cook
is used accordingly, and same with the third sentence They is
third person plural number with helping verb are and verb agreed
to they & are, hence called finite verbs.
-What is non-finite verb?
This is what we say just opposite to finite
verbs. A verb comes independently in the sentence, in
other words- When a verb is not used according to subject, number of subject and
according to helping verb, the verb is called non-finite verb.
Look at the following examples:
·
He is ready to write
stories.
·
Cooking is his favourite
pastime.
·
After completing
her work she goes to her grandparents’ home.
In the above examples you can see the underlined verbs
are used irrespective to the subject & helping verbs used in the subject,
hence called non-finite verbs.
There are three types
of non-finite:
·
Gerund
·
Infinitive
·
Participle ( Past
& Present)
-What is Gerund?
When a verb (verb + ing) is used in the place of a subject in a
sentence, the verb is called Gerund.
Look at the following examples:
·
Smoking is injurious to health.
·
Cooking is his favourite
pastime.
·
Swimming is good exercise.
-What is Infinitive?
When
to + verb is used in the
sentence, the verb is called infinitive.
Look at the following examples:
·
He is working hard to
pass the examination.
·
To err is human, to
forgive is divine.
·
I wanted to go
back.
-What is participle?
A participle is verb which is used other then the main verb in the sentence
or act as a main verb in the sentence.
There are two types
of participle-
Present
and Past.
Present
Participle-
A Present Participle is a verb + ing form that is used
to describe the noun in the sentence, i.e. works as an adejctive. Sometimes it
does the work of both verb and adjective.
Look at the following examples:
·
He likes reading.
·
I heard someone knocking the
door.
·
She bought a dancing doll.
Past
Participle-
A Past Participle is a verb + d / ed
/ t form that is used to
describe the noun in the sentence, i.e. works as an adejctive or main verb Sometimes
it does the work of both verb and adjective.
Look at the following examples:
·
They have not eaten rotten apples.
·
I saw the broken glass.
·
A motivated speech can change one’s life.
Thanks. Thats all I can do to make
it easy for you.
(Your apreciation & thoughts are heartly invited)
